What you’ll build / learn
In this tutorial, you will learn how to set up a home network using an Ethernet run between your BGW320 gateway and the RAX120 router, as well as connecting to your Unraid server. This setup aims to provide a reliable and fast internet connection across your home while ensuring proper management of your devices. You will understand the importance of VLANs, how to optimise your Wi-Fi settings, and troubleshoot common issues that may arise during the setup process.
By the end of this guide, you will have a clear schematic of your network layout, including the roles of each device and how they interact with one another. You will also gain insights into best practices for maintaining a secure and efficient home network, ensuring that your devices can communicate effectively without interference.
This tutorial is designed for beginners, so you do not need extensive technical knowledge to follow along. Each step will be explained in detail, providing you with the confidence to implement the setup successfully.
Why it matters
Setting up a home network correctly is essential for maximising your internet experience. With the increasing number of devices connected to our homes, from smartphones to smart home devices, having a robust network is more crucial than ever. A well-configured network ensures that all devices can communicate effectively, reducing lag and improving overall performance.
Moreover, understanding how to implement VLANs can significantly enhance your network’s security. By isolating certain devices, such as IoT gadgets, you can protect your primary devices from potential vulnerabilities. This is particularly important as smart devices often have less stringent security measures, making them attractive targets for cyber threats.
Finally, knowing how to troubleshoot common issues can save you time and frustration. Instead of calling for professional help, you will be equipped with the skills to resolve problems independently, ensuring your network remains operational and efficient.
Prerequisites
Before diving into the setup, ensure you have the following prerequisites in place:
- Hardware: You will need a BGW320 gateway, RAX120 router, Ethernet cables, and a device running Unraid. Ensure all devices are compatible and functioning properly.
- Knowledge: Familiarity with basic networking concepts, such as IP addresses, DHCP, and the difference between routers and switches, will be beneficial. However, this guide will explain necessary terms as we progress.
- Access: You should have administrative access to both the BGW320 and RAX120 interfaces, as well as your Unraid server. This access will allow you to configure settings as needed.
Additionally, it is advisable to have a basic understanding of how to navigate your router’s web interface. This will be crucial for making the necessary adjustments to your network settings.
Step-by-step
- Connect the BGW320 to the RAX120: Use an Ethernet cable to connect one of the LAN ports on the BGW320 to the WAN port on the RAX120. This establishes the primary connection between your gateway and router.
- Access the RAX120 interface: Open a web browser and enter the IP address of the RAX120 (usually 192.168.1.1). Log in with your admin credentials to access the settings.
- Configure WAN settings: In the RAX120 interface, navigate to the WAN settings. Ensure it is set to obtain an IP address automatically (DHCP) from the BGW320.
- Set up LAN settings: Configure the LAN settings on the RAX120. Ensure the subnet does not conflict with the BGW320. For example, if the BGW320 is on 192.168.1.1, you might set the RAX120 to 192.168.2.1.
- Create VLANs (if necessary): If you wish to isolate certain devices, navigate to the VLAN settings in the RAX120. Create VLANs for your IoT devices and assign them to the appropriate ports.
- Connect Unraid server: Use another Ethernet cable to connect your Unraid server to one of the LAN ports on the RAX120. This will allow the server to communicate with devices on the network.
- Access Unraid interface: Open a browser and enter the IP address of the Unraid server. Log in to ensure that it is accessible from the network.
- Test the connection: Use a device connected to the RAX120 to test the internet connection. Ensure you can browse the web and access the Unraid server.
- Adjust Wi-Fi settings: Go to the RAX120 Wi-Fi settings and configure the SSID and password. Ensure you are using both 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands for optimal performance.
- Secure your network: Enable WPA3 encryption on your Wi-Fi settings and consider changing the default admin passwords on both the BGW320 and RAX120.
- Monitor network performance: Use built-in tools on the RAX120 to monitor network traffic and performance. Adjust settings as necessary to optimise your experience.
- Document your setup: Keep a record of your network configuration, including IP addresses and VLAN setups, for future reference and troubleshooting.
Best practices & security
To ensure your home network remains secure and efficient, follow these best practices:
First, always change the default passwords on your routers and devices. Default passwords are often easily accessible and can be exploited by malicious users. Use strong, unique passwords for each device to enhance security.
Next, regularly update the firmware of your routers and devices. Manufacturers often release updates to fix vulnerabilities and improve performance. Keeping your devices updated will help protect against security threats.
Additionally, consider implementing guest networks for visitors. This isolates your primary network from guest devices, reducing the risk of unauthorized access to your main devices and data.
Common pitfalls & troubleshooting
While setting up your network, you may encounter several common pitfalls. One frequent issue is IP address conflicts, which occur when two devices are assigned the same IP address. This can lead to connectivity problems. Ensure that your DHCP settings are correctly configured to avoid this issue.
Another common problem is improper VLAN configuration. If devices are not communicating as expected, double-check your VLAN settings to ensure they are correctly assigned to the appropriate ports.
If you experience slow speeds or connectivity issues, consider checking the placement of your router. Physical obstructions, such as walls, can interfere with Wi-Fi signals. Position your router in a central location and away from electronic devices that may cause interference.
Alternatives & trade-offs
| Option | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|
| Powerline Adapters | Easy to set up, uses existing electrical wiring | Performance can vary based on wiring quality |
| Mesh Wi-Fi Systems | Improved coverage, seamless roaming | Higher cost, may require more setup |
| Wireless Extenders | Increased range, relatively inexpensive | Can reduce overall speed, may cause latency |
| MoCA Adapters | Utilises coaxial cables for better speeds | Requires existing coaxial wiring, limited to certain setups |
When considering alternatives, weigh the pros and cons of each option. Powerline adapters are a great choice for those who want a quick solution without running new cables, but their performance can be inconsistent. Mesh Wi-Fi systems offer excellent coverage and are ideal for larger homes, though they come at a higher price point.
Wireless extenders can be a budget-friendly way to boost your Wi-Fi signal, but they may introduce latency and reduce speeds. MoCA adapters can provide a solid connection if you have coaxial wiring but may not be suitable for every home. Choose the option that best suits your specific needs and environment.
What the community says
Community feedback on home networking setups highlights the importance of understanding your specific needs. Many users emphasise the benefits of VLANs for security, particularly in homes with numerous IoT devices. Others recommend investing in quality routers to ensure better performance and reliability.
Overall, the community encourages experimentation and learning, as each home network can be unique. Sharing experiences and solutions can help others optimise their setups and avoid common pitfalls.
FAQ
What is the purpose of VLANs in my home network?VLANs, or Virtual Local Area Networks, allow you to segment your network into different sections. This is particularly useful for isolating IoT devices from your main devices, enhancing security and management.
How do I know if my Ethernet run is working correctly?To check if your Ethernet run is functioning properly, connect a device to the Ethernet port and test the internet connection. You should be able to browse the web without issues. Additionally, check the connection status on your router’s interface.
Can I use both 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands simultaneously?Yes, most modern routers allow you to use both bands at the same time. The 2.4GHz band offers better range, while the 5GHz band provides faster speeds. Using both can optimise your network for various devices.
What should I do if I experience slow internet speeds?If you encounter slow speeds, first check for any devices that may be hogging bandwidth. Additionally, ensure your router is placed in a central location and away from obstructions. Restarting your router can also help resolve temporary issues.
Is it necessary to update my router’s firmware?Yes, regularly updating your router’s firmware is crucial for security and performance. Manufacturers release updates to fix vulnerabilities and improve functionality, so keeping your router updated is highly recommended.
What are some signs of a weak Wi-Fi signal?Signs of a weak Wi-Fi signal include slow internet speeds, frequent disconnections, and difficulty connecting to the network. If you notice these issues, consider repositioning your router or using extenders to boost the signal.
Further reading
For those looking to deepen their understanding of home networking, consider exploring the following resources:
- SmallNetBuilder – A great resource for networking tutorials and reviews.
- Tom’s Guide – Offers comprehensive guides on home networking and device reviews.
- Reddit HomeNetworking – A community where you can ask questions and share experiences.
Source
For further details, refer to the original discussion on Reddit: One Ethernet run between BGW320 and RAX120/Unraid room.